Equine Influenza Signs and Symptoms

Equine Influenza is a viral, upper respiratory disease which is extremely contagious and spreads rapidly wherever horses are gathered together, such as stables, stock yards, etc., and attacks those horses that are most susceptible and/or unvaccinated.

The signs and symptoms seen with both diseases are usually a sudden fever (103 to 106 degrees F), lethargy, nasal discharge, coughing, weakness, stiffness and loss of appetite and depression. Some horses may develop only a mild case of influenza, and symptoms may go unnoticed while other horses may develop a severe infection and remain ill for weeks.

Equine influenza is spread as your horse breaths in droplets of infective material. Can be transmitted by air l from horse to horse over distances as far as 30 yards more or less, by (snorting or coughing). Horses with influenza usually have a dry, hacking cough that increases the spread of the virus in areas where horses are concentrated, such as at public stables, shows, and sales.

Prevention of Equine Influenza is really very simple. A clean barn and vaccinating horses against equine influenza go a long way in preventing an influenza outbreak. It is very important to keep your horse vaccines up-to-date and have a good insect control and de-worming program in place.

Most horse owners vaccinate most often against eastern and western encephalitis, tetanus and influenza but often neglect vaccinating against the rhinovirus.

Rhinipneumonitis-is also a viral disease, which can pass from horse to horse. It is rarely fatal to adult horses, but can cause abortion in mares at almost any stage of pregnancy. The symptoms are similar to influenza, such as watery discharge of the horses nasal passages, rise in temperature, lethargy, coughing and appetite loss. Abortion in pregnant mares usually occurs during the final trimester of the pregnancy.

Usually pregnant mares are give the rhino shot at the 5th, 7th and 9th month of pregnancy. Influenza vaccines should be given once a year with a booter shot in three months. Many horse owners choose not to vaccinate their horses with the flu vac and have never had an outbreak, but my advice is to contact your vet for more information on what vaccines your horse or horses need and do ask him or her about the rhino vaccine if you have any pregnant mares. There are many pros and cons to vaccines, some horse owners prefer holistic herbs vs vaccines and have had good reports, so again check with other knowledgeable horse owners and get the information you need to protect the health of your horse.

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Everyday Horse Care Tips

Proper horse care is very important. There are many things that you should learn if you take up the responsibility of a horse. You need to take care of the horse as a new member of the family.

Firstly you need to get some grooming supplies. You should get a collection of brushes and combs to make your horse look good. Grooming the horse is a great way to bond with them; they enjoy it as much as you would. Horses enjoy grooming so much that it would not be surprising to see them fall asleep while you grooming them.

While grooming your horse regularly check for nicks and scrapes if any. If you notice any injuries treat it immediately. Quick treatment prevents small injury from becoming major. Make sure to check his feet to prevent thrush and other hoof diseases from festering.

Feet is a very sensitive and vital part so make sure you check it periodically and if the horse spends more time on concrete or rock soil it is advisable to have him wear shoes. If the horse spends more time on softer ground then shoes won't be required.

Keep the horse stall clean. You need to muck out the manure and wet bedding. Depending on the weather conditions and the need you can decide on how often to clean the stall.

Keep inspecting the surroundings for any sharp or point objects so that you can keep your horse from being injured. You can try padding the stall for them so that they do not hurt themselves. But sometimes padding the stall is also not enough; horses tend to hurt themselves some way or the other. The best thing to do is inspect them regularly and treat all injuries major or minor as soon as you spot them.

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Farrier Tips for Healthy Hooves

Here is a list of 10 top hoof care tips from farriers to keep your horses hooves in the best possible condition.

Pick out your horse's feet regularly. This may sound pretty basic but it's the one most important thing that you can do to keep his hooves in great condition. Not only will you ensure that they are free from any stones and debris which may have become wedged there, but you will also be able to catch any potential problems early enough before they progress into something more serious.Protect your horse's feet whilst travelling. Transportation is a common time for injury, caused by the horse catching his balance and stepping on one of his own feet. Make sure that whatever boots or bandages you use reach virtually to ground level. Heels and coronet bands are vulnerable areas for damage, so make sure they are well protected.Try not to turn horses out into muddy deep grazing land. Standing in the wet for hours on end can encourage thrush to develop, along with other problems. Sticky, oozing mud always has the risk of pulling off shoes as well, and may damage the hoof in the process.Ensure that your horse has regular visits from the farrier. Whether he is shod or not, he will need his feet seeing to on a regular basis. If possible, book your next visit with the farrier each time he comes, that way you never need to worry about remembering to book an appointment.Check your horse's shoes each time you pick out his feet. Look for loose shoes or risen clenches. Clenches are the part of the nail which is in the wall of the hoof, and your farrier will have bent this in flush to the wall of the foot during shoeing. One of the first warnings of a loose shoe is when one or more of these clenches begins to rise.Help your horse to grow the healthiest hooves possible, and ensure that he has a well balanced diet. If you are not sure exactly what to feed, or any supplements to add, speak to your feed merchant or vet.Only work your horse on good surfaces. Don't go galloping along stony, rough surfaces, and pay attention to the ground conditions at all times.Learn what is normal with your horse's feet. Note their normal temperature, how they feel and take notice of any notches or nodules peculiar to the individual horse. This way, if something changes then you will instantly recognize it.Learn about the most common foot problems such as Thrush, cracks, abscesses and puncture wounds. Make sure you know how to recognize them and what your first course of action should be.Learn how to remove a shoe in an emergency. Your farrier will be glad to show you how to do this safely, as if you can prevent hoof damage from a shoe hanging off, you can prevent any unnecessary damage to the foot itself.This article has been viewed 33 time(s).
Article Submitted On: January 21, 2011

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How to Lift Up a Horse's Hoof

Beginning on the front foot, move toward the horse on an angle from the head so the horse unmistakably knows that you are near, this is so you will not startle the horse. Put your body even with the shoulder ensuring you face its rear, facing the opposite way to the horse.

Ensuring that your feet are not against the horse's foot, begin sliding your hand along the outside of the shoulder as well as down the extant of its leg, finishing slightly higher than the ankle. Lightly grip the ankle and produce a click sound in order to get the horse to lift its foot. If the horse is properly broken, that minute signal should be more than sufficient to make the hoof to lift.

There will be a small difference involving raising a back and front hoof, although the fundamental stance and movements are almost the same. As you lift a horse's back hoof it will usually give a tiny pull that you may misread as a kick. This is an ordinary reflex movement with horses and nothing for you to be concerned about.

Also, as you lift the horse's back foot you'll need to move toward the horse a little so that you're hip is under its leg. Put its leg on your thigh, grasp the foot and lightly bend it up. In doing that you afford the horse some support and even more important is that the location of the leg and the bent foot will stop the horse from kicking you.

Whilst you are initially beginning, return the feet carefully to the ground and commend the horse. The other side should be completed precisely as a mirror image, however attempt to finish at the head and begin the other side preferably than moving around the back. It's not a good idea for a novice to move toward or go around all but the most well known horses from behind in such close proximity due to the fact a horse will be close enough to kick out.

Whilst raising any foot attempt to ensure the horse is correctly standing completely on all feet so that as you raise a foot the horse is able to easily stand on its remaining three. At no stage must the horse rest its body on you! Even as you put its back leg on your thigh you're never letting the horse use you as a leaning post.

After you have raised your horse's hoof a number of times it should become extremely effortless and take no more than 5 minutes to pick up and even pick out all feet. Nearly all properly educated horses will lift their foot for you the second they sense your hand pass down their leg.

It is an extremely safe idea to have power over the horse's head whilst you are lifting its feet. This is able to be done by tying the halter to a post or getting a friend to control the horse's head. In holding the head you make sure the horse is not able walk away from you whilst you're attempting to lift his hoof and even worse bend around and have a nip of your rear!

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Fairy Tales Do Come True for This Ex-Race Horse Named Lukas

"The best place for him is the feedlot. He's too far gone; he's so scrambled that he's not coming back." Those were the words of a trainer called in to evaluate a nine-year old gelding who was quickly becoming unmanageable. Lukas had begun life as a promising race horse, but an injury had ended his career before it began, and a succession of abusive and neglectful homes had left him with little hope and even less spirit. Purchased as an "inexpensive project horse" from a jumping stable where he had failed, again, to fit in, Lukas was well on his way to fulfilling that trainer's prediction.

Lukas was purchased with Dressage - a type of English riding - competitions in mind. But he had other ideas. Just being hand walked brought out the invisible monsters that then followed him into his own stall. After numerous disappointments and many frustrating days, his latest owner turned to trick training as a way to gain his trust. This playful interactive way of relating with animals has long been a way for trainers to enhance learning and make horses more attractive for adoption. But, could it also be a way to help Lukas reach his potential?

So the journey began - face tricks being the easiest and simplest, the smile was attempted first. As a psychiatric nurse for 25 years, Lukas' owner had developed a system which includes a combination of behavior modification techniques and her own version of clicker training. She also uses a wide variety of bits and pieces from many different areas: circus to cowboy, Spanish Riding School to Sea World. Kindness and liberty (free/loose) training are the foundation of her system along with positive reinforcement and brief, enjoyable lessons which provide the most beneficial results for both student and trainer.

She immediately began to notice a shift in Lukas' attitude - Lukas would greet her arrival with a loud whinny instead of the stubborn defiance of the past. Training sessions were now games that he initiated with a happy eagerness and ceaseless enthusiasm. The smile had been learned within days and Lukas had been adding new tricks weekly to his ever-expanding repertoire.

His spookiness disappeared as his trust, confidence and focus improved. And his under-saddle work? Through game playing he had "learned to learn," and had become a joy to ride.

Around this time, Lukas' trainer began to wonder just how much Lukas could learn. She happened to pick up the book, Beautiful Jim Key - a fascinating story about a horse who lived at the turn of the century. Jim is considered to be the most intelligent horse that has ever lived - his IQ was estimated to be equivalent to that of a 5th grader. So she began to include cognitive tasks into Lukas' lessons, and the rest is history, as they say.

To date, Lukas' talents include the smile, yes, no, kiss, pose, yawn, catch, fetch, being blindfolded, crossing his front legs, acting lame, curtsey, wave, going to a mark, pedestal work, Spanish walk (a high stepping walk), jambette (three-legged pivot), passage (like skipping), bow, sit, lay down, putting his feet all together, playing hide and seek, stay and come, pushing a cart and the rear.

Most of his acclaim has come from his abilities to spell, count, identify shapes, discriminate colors and his understanding of object permanence, spatial relationships, proportion, same/different and absentness. Moreover, the special bond Lukas has with his trainer has been celebrated by animal lovers all over the world.

What's next for Lukas? His owner plans to continue to share the happy results of kind training and to show how smart and wonderful animals are for their improved treatment. Like the sign on his gate reads "Fairy Tales Do Come True."

Copyright 2010 Karen Murdock is a retired psychiatric nurse, who has been fixing problem horses for over 30 years. Owner of PlayingWithLukas.com. She uses a combination of shaping techniques, a specialized version of clicker training and positive reinforcement. Her unique approach uses games and play as a way to connect and bond with horses to develop confidence, increase focus, improve performance as well as build willingness and trust. All of her services and proceeds go to benefit the horses. Lukas' second edition book Playing With Lukas is available at Amazon and his Documentary has just been released: http://bit.ly/WatchLukas

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Guidelines On How To Avoid Laminitis In Spring

A notorious time for ponies and horses to get laminitis or founder is spring. The rapid growth of grass in spring and increased levels of sugars in grass means that horses are at risk of developing the very dangerous condition known as laminitis or founder.

Laminitis is simply inflammation of the laminae that hold the pedal or coffin bone to the hoof wall. The pedal bone is the lowest bone in the leg of a horse and sits within the hoof.

Swelling of the sensitive laminae causes the deep digital flexor tendon to pull on the back of the pedal bone and pull it away from the hoof wall. This pulling results in "rotation" of the pedal bone. This could be extremely painful and can even lead to the pedal bone falling through the bottom of the foot, that generally results in the horse having to be euthanized.

So, how does a flush of spring grass lead to laminitis? The increase of the sugar content within the feed causes an proliferation of a certain bacteria in the horse's hindgut. As these bacteria die inevitably they release a toxin known as an endotoxin which is absorbed into the blood stream. These toxins reach the blood vessels inside the foot and cause a reduction in the flow of blood to the laminae in the foot causing the laminae to release the grip on the pedal bone.

Prevention is much better than cure, as far as laminitis is concerned. So, how can laminitis be prevented? This is a multiple stage method, and some horses and ponies would require more of these steps than others.

Firstly, take the horse away from the high risk pasture. Keep the horse in a poor quality paddock or lock it up off the problem pasture.

Secondly, soak hay to decrease the sugar content. Soaking hay in luke-warm water for an hour will reduce sugars by almost thirty percent.

Thirdly, feed additives could be very beneficial. Foundergard is a horse feed supplement that has an anti-bacterial impact and stops the proliferation of the bacteria that emit the toxin that causes laminitis. Foundergard is indicated in horses and ponies that have a history of laminitis.

Another feed additive is Kohnke's Own, Trim. Kohnke's OwnTrim is a horse feed supplement that changes sugar metabolism and is especially helpful for those cresty, overweight ponies. Both Trim and Foundergard could be combined to help improve protection.

If your horse or pony has difficulty walking or standing with its hind legs underneath it more than normal, then your horse may be struggling with laminitis. If you suspect this contact your veterinary doctor immediately, it could be a matter of life or death! There are various other things your veterinary doctor can do to treat laminitis.

This article is intended to be only a guide and doesn't go into the comprehensive management of laminitis. I suggest seeking professional assistance for the management of laminitis is good.

They have a great range of vet products for cats and dogs as well! The company stocks all major brands of horse products.

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Boarding Stables - What to Look for in Horse Bedding

For many horse owners, having private stables at home is not an option and horse boarding stables are the only option available. While there are many things to look at in the different horse boarding stables, one of the important things to look at for the horse's comfort and good health is the bedding. Whether checking full service boarding stables or personally choosing your horse's bedding, there are a few things to consider before settling.

There are several different types of bedding to choose from that will also have a wide price range. The following is a list of the most common bedding used today:
StrawWood shavingsWood pelletsHempCardboard (as a base layer)Rubber mats (as a base layer)

Straw

Straw seems to be the most inexpensive type of horse bedding, and paired with a cardboard base, it will certainly save on the cost, but certainly a lot more work to clean up properly. Straw absorbs liquids quickly, which causes it to decompose quickly as well. It is much more difficult to clean, and the average stall would require two to three bales each time. One last problem that straw may have is the fact that many horses and ponies are inclined to eat this bedding type, which may cause some health problems.

Wood Shavings

Wood shavings are among the more popular horse bedding materials, since it is quite easy to clean out. Though more expensive than straw, wood shavings are great for drainage and keeping a dry top layer, easy to clean out without a lot of waste, and does not require as much of it compared to straw. The most important thing to remember is to check which wood the shavings are made from, since the harder woods like walnut and maple will have a higher chance of harming the horse from splinters. Softer woods like cedar and pine are not only more comfortable for the horse, but help to eliminate any ammonia scents in the stall.

Wood Pellets

Wood pellets are basically compacted and dehydrated wood shavings that work very well with drainage and covering a larger area while using less product. Just as with the wood shavings, asking about the type of wood used will be important for the horse's well-being. While the pellets may seem quite hard and uncomfortable for the horse, just sprinkling it with a bit of water will fluff them up for a comfortable bedding layer.

Hemp

Hemp has recently become more and more popular as bedding material in stables. Not only is it comfortable for the horse and very absorbent to keep the stable dry, but it is also an organic material that doesn't affect the environment negatively. While it may be more expensive than straw and wood shavings, it lasts much longer and easier to clean. One of the main downfalls for hemp is that some horses may eat this bedding, which will cause problems in their stomachs.

Cardboard

Cardboard may be the cheaper option for a base, but it may certainly cause more problems when mucking. Cardboard is a wonderfully absorbent material, but also becomes very heavy to muck out.

Rubber Mats

Rubber mats are wonderful for the horse's legs and grip, which will reduce any slips in the stall, and when used as a base with a stall that includes a drainage channel, it is a great way to add some padding for the horse's comfort. Easy to clean, it is a great alternative to gravel and cardboard.

Each bedding type will have their pros and cons, so looking carefully at your horse and what would work best is important. Making sure all products are dust free and less likely to grow mold will be a great benefit for your horse's respiratory system.

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Horseback Riding - Establishing a Connection With Your Horse

In order to establish a connection between you and your horse you must be willing to spend some quality time with your animal. Whether you own him, share him or just ride him because he is a riding school pony - your horse needs your attention.

Why is it so important to establish a good connection with your horse?

Horses are very sensitive beings and as such they have feelings and emotions just like humans. They are herd animals which means they are highly sociable and programmed to bond with others. A horse needs other horses for company and must never be kept on his own, no matter what. Herd members keep each other happy and safe. As a former animal of prey a horse had to be alert all the time, watching out for hunting animals.

Horses therefore are flight animals who feel safe only when in a group. Their head stallion and head mare provided safety by watching out for predators and leading the way. As a rider you take your horse away from his companions and friends which is a very difficult situation for any horse per se.

Who can she turn to for guidance and safety when on her own?

The moment you mount your horse it is your responsibility to safeguard the life of your horse and lead the way. In order to accept you as her leader, your horse must know you and trust you. A good connection with your horse means that both of you like and trust each other.

You understand your horse and your horse understands you. This connection is essential in order to keep both of you happy and safe.

Here are five easy ways of building a wonderful connection with your horse:

1. Spend time with your horse prior to riding.

Many riders just rush in, groom and saddle their horse, expecting him to be ready for his rider at an instant. A horse is a living being and not a television set!

2. Since your horse feels your energy and shares your feelings make sure to leave your worries at home.

If you are a bad mood, feel aggressive or down in the mouth you will pass those feelings on to your horse and make her nervous.

3. Speak to your horse and praise him as often as possible.

Research shows the benefits of praise even at cellular level.

4. Make sure you visit your horse on a regular basis.

Horses like good habits. If you visit your horse at the same time every day he will be waiting for you at that time.

5. To establish a good connection make it a habit to think of your horse frequently.

Sending her loving thoughts makes your horse feel good and she will feel loved and cared for.

If you follow these guidelines on a regular basis you and your horse will be able to establish the kind of deep connection, most riders dream about.

A feeling of oneness and complete understanding between you and your horse is possible to attain if you are willing to spend time with and let him into your heart.

People who love their horses intuitively know that a good connection with their horse is essential both for happiness and safety. Knowing why this is so and applying the right strategies makes life so much more fun for you and your equine companion.

Taking care of your horse has physical as well as mental and emotional aspects. We know know that horses and their riders are very closely connected with each other at the energy level. This means that the emotions of one greatly influence the emotions of the other. It is a two sided process. This means that yes, your emotions influence your horses emotions but your horses emotions influence yours as well. Because of this it may be very important to know strategies which enable you to calm your horse in any given situation. Because of this I would like you to visit http://dogsandhappiness.com/blog/myhorse for your free instant access to those helpful strategies. From Martina Annelie Becher, expert at creating positive change for animals and their people

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7 Steps to Simplifying the Sitting Trot!

Do you struggle with the sitting trot? If you said yes; you are definitely in the majority. I think we can agree that the trot is the choppiest of all of the gaits. It's like the rough road to cantering stardom. I believe if you can learn to sit the trot properly then all of your riding will improve. Having a lot of bouncing and disconnect is like having a bad cell phone connection; both parties can become frustrated. The sitting trot is one of the most misunderstood riding movements. Riders of all levels seem to struggle with it. What are the keys to a smooth sitting trot? I have compiled seven simple awareness exercises and physical adjustments you can make to improve your seat in the sitting trot. Try implementing them on your own or with a riding companion for feedback from the ground. You can print it out and go over it together. First create the images of the steps in your head, discuss them if you like, and then pop on and give it a try. Have Fun!

1. Center yourself (find your core): Have your trainer or friend hold your horse for you. Measure approx. two to three finger widths below your navel and halfway between your belly and your lower back. Take a moment to close your eyes and just be in your center. Visualize being grounded in your center and connected to your horse evenly....feeling all of the points on your lower body that are in contact with your horse (or saddle).

2. Find your seat bones and lower abdominal muscles.While you still have someone holding your horse practice knee lifts; draw your knees up to touch in front of you( start with five). Notice that when you are centered your seat bones sit on both sides of your horse's spine.

***Imagine those seat bones are flashlights shining at the ground under you. During the sitting trot, when your horse moves your seat, imagine those flashlights shining forward and up repeatedly in the rhythm of the trot. Gently engage your abdominal muscles to guide your seat bones under and forward. The spine has more range of motion this way.

3. Thighs are key to a strong riding seat. Gently hug your horse with your thighs so you stay with his forward movement. This will help you avoid putting excess pressure on your stirrups; provided your stirrup length is correct. Even though your thighs have a bit of positive tension; you must keep your mid waist supple and allow the seat bones to stay in motion.

4. Elbows A super important and often overlooked component of a good sitting trot: Make sure your elbows are bent at your sides. Make your reins a bit longer if necessary to start out. Keeping your elbows close to your center and your hands low and wide will cause your seat to be continuously pulled deeper into the saddle between your forearms. You can shorten your reins gradually as you ride more from your seat and the reins aren't pulling you up and out of the saddle.

5. Open your heart! Make sure your chest is properly held open. You can momentarily check yourself by holding your reins in one hand and putting your free hand across your lower back grabbing a hold of your opposite elbow...or putting a long dressage whip across your back. Rest whip on the inner angles of your elbows.

6. Shoulders must be either directly over your seat bones or slightly behind. If your shoulders are in front you will bounce. Everyone does, it's just physics, English or Western; it's all the same.

7. Breathe! Regulate your breathing. Listen to the hoof beats. Four counts in; four counts out. Expand your belly and lower back as you inhale. This is quite possibly the most important step. When you breathe your body is supple and in tune with the horse's motion.

My hope is that both you and your horse will enjoy the sitting trot more after implementing these steps.

Mahalo,

Inge

http://www.malibuhorsesinc.com/

Inge Halliday is a riding instuctor and horse trainer in Malibu, California. She teaches private and group arena and trail lessons. Horsemanship Workshops are held regularly in the beautiful Santa Monica Mountains overlooking the Pacific Ocean.

NEW!! 2011 3 day Women's Empowerment Retreats to held at a private Estate in Malibu. Ride, Relax, Recharge! To receive dates and location be sure to SIGN UP!

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Horse Feeds - Maximum Vitamins And Minerals Providers

It is extremely important for any horse owner to give a special care on the Horse Feeds to keep the animal healthy and strong enough. In general a horse prefers to take approximately 20 to 40 pounds of hay on a regular basis. This amount is excluded one from the grain it eats daily. This is such an animal that loves to eat and they love to chew all the while. The survey says that an average 1000-pound horse eats roughly 5lbs. of grain per day. The whole amount of horse feeds is broken for two times as such animals do not have big stomachs. Even horse drinks a lot. At least they drink eight hundred gallons and one thousand gallons of water every day. This is the calculation for an average horse. It is recommended to provide such animal salt or mineral blocks during winter so that they can never be dehydrated.

There are a number of horse feeds available in the market in the recent era. Grains and pellets are the common feeds for the horse. Sweet feeds are preferable and most of the owner provides sweets to their animal as it has vitamins and minerals. Both are essential for a horse along with molasses for taste. The pellets used in the feeds are basically artificial just to enhance the sweetness. Oats, corn, or other types of natural grains are not so preferable to feed such animals like horse in spite of the fact that pellets are more expensive than such natural grains.

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Article Submitted On: January 07, 2011

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How to Trailer Train Your Horse - Load Your Horse The Easy Way

When you are ready to load your horse to go up the hill, or to join friends for a nice ride, the last thing you want to have to worry about is whether or not it will willingly get in. Since it is almost a given that the horse is bigger than you are (unless you are Hoss Cartwright or the Hulk), the chances of you pushing, or pulling, it into where you want it are slim to non-existent.

One way to train a trail horse to get into a trailer is to walk in ahead of the animal holding some of its favorite food or treat. Something like a small bucket of oats, a handful of alfalfa, a lump of sugar, apple, or commercial horse treats should work well for this. This is a two person operation to start with. Make sure you have a door at the front end of the trailer, or some other opening, so you can safely get out of the trailer once the animal is in. Once you have gotten into the trailer turn around and face the animal, then show them the treat in your hand, or the bucket. Let them get a bit of a taste or smell so that they are interested, then slowly walk backwards until you have them all the way in the trailer. Remember to always remain calm, as they can smell or sense fear or nervousness. At this point you can have someone else close the door behind them so they do not back out. You can, if needed, secure the animal to a harness ring at this point. Once the animal has gotten used to this, and it will take a few times for that to happen, you can simply put the treat at the front end of the trailer before opening the doors to load the animal.

A second way, if you have a good bond with the horse, is to simply sit in the front end of the trailer and whistle, or use whatever signal your horse is used to, and then sit there and pet or nuzzle them to make them feel comfortable. Again always make sure you have a safe exit hole or door, just in case the animal gets spooked. This way may take a little longer, but it reduces the number of snacks your horse gets, and if weight is an issue this is a good thing. Be patient, in time they will be comfortable getting in the trailer.

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Horse Barn

Owning a horse or a few horses is a common past time in the United States and other parts of the world. Taking good care of your horses is as important as taking good care of your children. The decision to build a horse barn should not be a spur of the moment decision as it requires careful planning and budgeting to build a barn that will suit the needs of the horse, meet building codes and stay in budget.

The weather conditions in the area where you live are one of the most important factors when planning a horse barn. Warmer temperatures probably will not require a totally enclosed area for the horses while colder conditions likely will. Zoning regulations, building codes and the amount of space you have available will be big deciding factors in the type of barn you build however. Because zoning regulations and building codes varies, it's best to check with the local authorities to find out what will be required. If you are planning to build the barn yourself, this is something that you will have to do. If you're hiring a contractor, you will just need to concern yourself with budgeting for the barn.

When planning your horse barn, you'll want to take into account that horses will need shelter from the weather. A totally enclosed barn with stall space, access to food and water as well as proper ventilation is important. You may also want to include an area for tack storage within the barn, which is recommended. Once you've budgeted for what you have planned, obtained the necessary permits and approval, it's time to get to work building the horse barn.

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Factors to Consider When Breeding a Horse

Horse breeding is not a walk-in-the park. A significant amount of time, money and effort is always invested when a mare owner decides to breed it. Before undertaking to breed a horse, however, any horse owner must always ask himself tough questions and squarely consider important factors.

One of the main considerations that must be brought to mind is the purpose by which the foal may be used. If it's for racing purposes, you'll have to ascertain if both the dam and the prospective sire will have the qualities and necessary characteristics that will make it successful on the track. Studs with a proven racetrack record make good sires, but the stud fee may also be sky-high.

This leads to another consideration any horse owner has to make before taking the final leap to breeding. Will the owner be able to handle the cost? Aside from the stud fee, expenses for food, veterinary care and management of the mare from the time of gestation until the foal is weaned do add up and must be taken into consideration as well.

Any potential breeder must also take the time to assess if the mare he intends to breed is fertile and physically fit. For horses, reproduction can be a rigorous time and the mare must be able to withstand the demands of pregnancy if she is to carry it to its full-term.

New breeders must also carefully consider their own skills and level of expertise in breeding horses. Having money is not enough. You will have to know how to properly care for the mare and the subsequent foal, or at least be able to pay someone who can do the task for you. Some might go into breeding just because they enjoy horses in general, but this generally a poor gauge for your breeding skills.

Finally the potential economic benefit must also be closely looked into if a horse owner wants to go into serious breeding. If truth be told, there is little profit to be had in horse breeding. If you don't put careful thought into your breeding, you may well be putting up your unwanted horses for slaughter and that won't give you a lot in terms of financial returns since the market is already saturated with these.

Before you breed, take a long-hard look at these considerations and mull over all the pros and cons. The foal that will result in the mating ultimately becomes your responsibility. You have to know beforehand why you've decided to "cause" its making in the first place.

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Choosing Right Horse Tack Supplies

Horse tack supplies are a must-have for any horse owner. If you are planning on buying a horse, you should start by purchasing some items now, that way you will have most of what you need before you get your horse. If you already have a horse and are looking to get horse tack or add items to your horse tack, this article will help you decide what you need. Just know that owning a horse is expensive. The care, the maintenance, vet bills and food is not going to be cheap. So do yourself and your horse a favor, be sure that you don't try to go bargain hunting when shopping for tack supplies. Think quality.

The number thing you will need is a saddle. Don't skimp on this purchase. Get the highest quality saddle as well as the most recommend by other horse owners. The saddle will be the most expensive item in your tack supplies. The type of saddle you get depends highly on the type of horse and the type or amount of riding you plan on doing. Just make sure you get one made from quality leather for easy cleaning and invest in a good saddle oil to keep it in good condition.

Next set of items to go in your tack box are grooming supplies. Horses need regular daily grooming and keeping everything in one location will save time. Even if it's during the cold season, buy a shedding blade now. When the season changes, your horse will shed and having one on hand will save a trip to the store. Other horse tack supplies for grooming include sponges, mane brushes and hoof picks. Don't forget to include shampoo so you can wash the coat. A fly mask is something your horse will thank you for during the summer months. These masks will keep flies the nose, mouth, ears and eyes. For severe fly problems get a fly blanket.

Depending on your use, other tack supplies may include bits, harnesses, reins, bridles and most importantly stirrups.

You can get better horse tack ideas from the person you bought your horse from or from horse experts. Even though you don't want to get cheap products, there is nothing wrong with comparison-shopping when searching for horse tack supplies. Ideally, you want to find products that are made with experience and quality materials. Then you want to read consumer reviews on those products. Just because a product is expensive, doesn't mean it's the best. Read the reviews from other horse owners, then shop around and try to find the best price for the horse tack item. While you don't want to be cheap, there is nothing wrong with saving money when you can.

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The Importance Of Equine Joint Supplements

For humans as well as equines, a balanced nutritional diet goes a long way toward preventing disease, lameness, and arthritic conditions. Proper choice in hay and pasture can keep your horse in top shape for years. However, certain conditions may require the use of joint supplements for horses. Some of these conditions might be an older horse, a horse that has suffered an injury, a horse with a heavy workload, or a highly athletic show horse. In these situations, choosing the right joint supplements for horses is very important.

If you are subjecting your horse to a heavy or athletic work routine, Glucosamine products are good horse joint supplements to have on hand. Glucosamine equine joint supplements are derived from a substance called chitin, which comes primarily from ground shrimp and crab shells. Of all the joint supplements on the market Glucosamine is probably the one that is most researched. Its primary function is to help keep the horse's joints and cartilage lubricated and aid in the proper formation of the joint tissue. As the equine ages, or as its body is subjected to consistent rigorous riding, it may not produce the sufficient amounts of Glucosamine on its own, which can result in cartilage that loses its shock absorption ability within the horse's joints. The joints may then become stiff and painful. This can lead to limited range of motion and in severe cases lameness and even deformation. If you want to enjoy a long riding or working relationship with your horse, you may want to consider adding a joint enhancing or healing supplement to the horse's diet to allow them the best chance of keeping healthy through the rigors of working Talk to other horse owners about what supplements for horses they use and whether they would recommend them. Shop around. Read ingredients. Educate yourself and then make the best choice for your equine partner.

Your local vet is another excellent source of information for the latest joint supplements for horses. If your horse is experiencing a nutritional need outside of good forage, please schedule a visit and get your vet's input on what they feel would be the right equine joint supplements for your own horse. Proper supplement care and a balanced nutritional diet will keep both you and your horse enjoying your rides for many years to come.

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Article Submitted On: December 27, 2010

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Prerequisites To Owning Horses

Many horse owners, especially those who are beginners or first timers who are inexperienced in the world of horses encounter problems. As rearing for horses is extravagant because of their various necessities, it is best that horse lovers who plan on owning a few must be oriented with the few basic considerations and priorities associated with horses.

It is very important to know that purchasing a horse is not the first step. One must take into account if such horses are going to be stabled or kept in a paddock. Keeping them in a stable would be more expensive with regards to building materials and amenities such as water source, heating system, drainage facilities and among others where they will feel more comfortable and safe. If they are going to be kept in a paddock, they are exposed to various environmental threats such as the weather, attacks of predators and parasitic insects. Moreover, horses kept in stables appear healthier and calm compared to those kept in paddocks as they are in constant battle with night creatures making them weary and cautious for their safety.

As horses are voracious eaters, an average adult horse weighing about 450 kilograms can eat-up about 11 kilos of food and drinks about 38 to 45 liters of water, a considerable size of gracing land available will greatly make horses healthy and well-fed. Pastures and hayfields abundant in fresh grasses and legumes which are filled with nutrients such as proteins necessary to keep horses energetic as they are subjected to hard work, are preferred other than stacked hay. Abundance in such nutrients is necessary to increase their stamina and endurance.

As horses suffer from various ailments and signs of neglect from time to time, emergency trips to the veterinarian is quite costly aside from the scheduled regular visits. Having a veterinarian friend is beneficial as the interaction is not mainly based on client-doctor relationship but based on mutual trust between friends. A reliable vet does not only save horses' lives but prevent owners from incurring unnecessary expenses.

Horse trainers who are highly-skilled and well-trained are likely to produce performers. Although their training fee is quite expensive, trainers who had their formal training from reputable horse training schools deal with horses professionally compared to those who do not have formal education as they lack theoretical background with regards to horse disease, nutrition and among others.

Stable helpers, although they are only expected to perform the menial task are as important as horse trainers. It is with stable helpers that horses spend most of their time with and it is with them that horses depend for their food, water and safety.

Transportation should always be available at all times as horses are transported from one place to another during competitions and trips to the vets. Vehicles must be equipped with head stalls strapped securely to keep them from moving violently thus preventing injuries.

Practicalities about rearing horses can be learned elsewhere, but having a formal knowledge about horses is vital when you are into the horse business. Providing for their needs such as horse stall mats is just basic to the many necessities associated with having horses. If you only want the best for your animals, check into some of the horse stall fronts in the market that will surely benefit you and your team.

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What Is the Best Horse Bedding to Use?

The best way to cut back on the frequency that your horse's stall needs to be cleaned is to purchase premium quality horse bedding. It absorbs waste, while ensuring that your horse is comfortable and warm throughout the year. That is why it is so crucial to choose your horse bedding brand wisely.

There are a number of choices available when it comes to bedding. However, the highest quality horse bedding is ultra compressed. This means that the shavings are compressed in excess of 4-to-1, which means that you get more bedding in a smaller package. This is not only a better value, but is also more comfortable for your horse and maximizes absorption capacity. You can also easily fluff up this ultra compressed bedding with a fork or shovel for better cushioning.

Premium quality horse bedding should also have the minimum amount of fines, have low dust, and be very dry in nature. Some bedding also comes in a scented variety, such as a natural cedar or pine scent. Aside from smelling great, these scented bedding options can also repel many bugs and insects.

If your horse stall has thick rubber matting on the floor, then you will likely have to use less bedding. However, if your horse stall has concrete, then it is important to use extra bedding to provide extra padding and urine absorption. Sand floors often require more bedding as well as the sand may be more easily saturated with urine. In the winter months, make sure

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What To Look For In Quality Horse Bedding

Finding quality horse bedding is an important part of owning and properly caring for a horse. There are many horse bedding options and providers available, so there are a few things to look for to ensure that you are getting the best value.

The shaving compression of the bedding is very important when making your decision. The more compressed your shavings are, the more you are getting in the bag of shavings. Generally, shaving manufacturers offer 2-to-1 compression, or no compression at all. However, your best bet is to find a manufacturer that offers more along the lines of 4-to-1 compression to ensure that you are getting the most for your money. This is usually found in "Ultra Compressed" packaging and is of generally higher quality.

It is important to make sure that your horse bedding of choice has been properly sterilized and contains as little dust as possible. This will ensure the greatest respiratory health, safety, and comfort for your horse or other pet. Your horse bedding should also be relatively light in comparison to other brands. This generally means that there is only a small amount of dust, fines, and moisture, providing an overall superior product.

If your provider of choice has a website, take a look to see what exactly they provide. Find out if they specify the benefits associated with using their particular brand. Also, if they have any sort of reviews or testimonials, take a look at those as well. There is no better insight into a company than to find out what others in your same situation are saying.

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The Benefits of Using Cribbing Collars for Horses

People who own and love horses will surely know some methods to deal with the horse cribbing. This is also one of the most common problems that are resulted in many horses. However, if your horse is facing any type of cribbing problems, it is very important to consider the right measures to prevent the problem. However, you do not have to worry, as there are different methods as well as techniques to treat these problems. Part from the medications, there are different types of cribbing collars for horses. These types of collars have been helping many horse owners to get rid of the cribbing habits from their horses.

However, before you use this type of collars, it is very important to have some basic knowledge on cribbing. Cribbing is a situation when your horses will start swallowing the air. This condition is also known as wind sucking. Some horses will also crib by taking an object like fence post or a board with their upper teeth. Then arch their necks and pull back making a gasping sound or a grunting noise. As this type of habit will give them extra pleasure, it is pretty hard to get them out of it. However, there are many reasons why the horses will start the cribbing habits. Stress, boredom, lack of exercise can also result in cribbing. The horses that are locked in the stall for a long time will also easily pick up these habits.

As mentioned above cribbing collars for horses are capable of preventing this problem up to a great extent. As these collars will lock their jawbones, they will not be able to crib the wood. Usually, you will be able to see cribbing collars that are made with leather or metal. However, when you are selecting a collar for your horse, make sure you choose the right size.

Therefore, it is very important to show love and affection to your horse. Treat is as a good friend and try to meet at least the necessary requirements of your horse. In case, if you do not have to provide all the needs of your horses, there are few simple and inexpensive methods that will help you to treat your horse. In case, if you are finding any type of problems in your horse, make sure you to consult a doctor as early as possible and take the necessary steps.

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Stomach Ulcers: A Common Horse Health Problem

A very common drawback for horse health is stomach ulcers and an increase in awareness has resulted in more and more horses gaining from the veterinary care of stomach ulcers.

The signs of stomach ulcers comprise: poor appetite, dull coat, dark faces, poor performance, behavioral problems and general poor health of the horse.

Diagnosis is by endoscopic examination of the stomach. Blood tests can be suggestive however not authoritative. It is often cheaper to treat than diagnose abdomen ulcers.

So, why do stomach ulcers arise and how could we manage them?

What leads to stomach ulcers?

It is a very common horse health problem, they're present in over 50% of horses in work and some studies cite around 95% of horses in work having stomach ulcers.

Horse health management factors that further the risk:

-Stabling, horses in stables are much more liable to get than horses in paddocks with grass to graze.

-Feeding hard feeds, particularly high grain feed.

-Being in work, particularly strenuous work.

-Horses which crib bite or wind suck. These horses typically do not eat well and so have very little gastric components to neutralize stomach acid.

-The employment of some NSAIDs, particularly Bute.

Thus how do we reduce the chances?

-Grazing good grass can improve the horse's health.

Give the horse some lucerne hay approximately half an hour before work, this buffers the abdomen acidity.

-Veterinary medications have Omeprazole or Ranitidine from your vet could be beneficial in treatment and control.

-Some dietary supplements, such as Kohnke's Own Gastro-coat can help coat the stomach thus reducing the chance of development.

If you suspect stomach ulcers to be a problem for your horse's health, talk to your vet, they can provide the most effective guidance and treatment if essential.

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Treating Horse Cribbing

There is a degree of mystery surrounding horse cribbing. Why exactly do they crib? What makes them do it? Experts say that it can be due to genes that renders a horse prone to stress, bad diet, or boredom. Imposing restrictions on the horse's natural inclinations may lead to cribbing, but it does not mean that all horses put under this resort to it. And so it was deduced that it is probably genetic. Since horses are usually fed with feeds that are loaded with components to give them energy, they get restless in their stalls most of the time, and so they turn to cribbing just to get an outlet for all that energy. Wild horses graze and frolic about as much as they please, whereas tame ones, who are usually locked in their stalls, try to keep boredom at bay by cribbing.

So how to treat horse cribbing? Let's check out some of these techniques.

1) Give those wooden areas a taste of some anti-cribbing fluid. The horses would find this change of taste disconcerting, and may put them off cribbing for a while.

2) Take away the temptation. If you can, replace most wooden structures or surfaces with metal once, so as to lessen the allure of cribbing.

3) Put him on a different diet. Instead of giving him feeds that are high in energy, opt for a high fiber, low energy one instead. This would lower his restlessness a few notches.

4) Stick to the schedule. Horses get stressed when their feeding time is erratic. And as you very well know, horses have a tendency to remedy this with cribbing.

5) Keep him busy. Turn him out more often. Install toys in his stall. Allow another horse-or any other animal that would be friendly with horses-to keep him company.

6) Bring on the muzzle. This would effectively limit movement in his mouth, rendering him unable to open it big enough for him to crib on wooden structures.

7) Ring out the doldrums. Studies are now being made on surer methods of curing horses of cribbing by injecting them with antidepressants. Unfortunately, the only drug available now only treats the horse for a short while, wearing off soon enough for the horse to go back to cribbing.

8) Going under the knife. Surgery is a drastic procedure and therefore the last resort of all else fails. Ask your vet how this works and if it is feasible on your horse.

Always remember NOT to take things into your hands and to check with the vet before you do anything to treat your horse of cribbing. It may not be just plain boredom that makes him do it, but, at worst, a serious medical condition.

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The Benefits of Specialty Horse Breeding Mats for Mating, Birthing and Foaling Applications

It is important to design breeding areas with the utmost safety for the horses and handlers in mind. Too many times we see or hear about accidents and incidents where good horses and handlers have been injured (or worse) due to something being overlooked regarding the safety of the breeding environment. Considering the costs involved with any breeding program, it is critical to get the safety aspect right the first time and to be able to maintain that standard.

One of the most important considerations when it comes to breeding area safety is the flooring. Because of the increased levels of strenuous activity and fluids that are present in any breeding operation, the choice of flooring is critical. You need a non-slip flooring material that can maintain traction even when wet. Traction and non-slip areas are imperative when it comes to safety. Not only is the stallion, mare and perhaps foal at foot in danger should there not be adequate footings, handlers and veterinary staff are also at risk. The flooring should also allow for the stallions and mares to have optimum shock absorbency during this time, as the act of breeding can be intensely physical.

With these needs in mind, rubber horse mats are the obvious choice for this application. However, not all mats are created equally. When it comes to horses or any animals for that matter, it is better to choose a revulcanized rubber mat rather than a polyurethane bonded rubber mat. Revulcanized mats have an impermeable surface that will not absorb animal fluids which can result in bacteria and foul odors. Given the increased volumes of fluids present in a breeding barn, the need to clean these areas thoroughly in order to reduce the risk of bacteria and infection being transmitted is paramount. Depending on the number of mares coming to the stallion, the likelihood of infection is increased with the more outside mares attending for service. Revulcanized rubber mats can be cleaned with warm soapy water and will dry relatively fast. Using a neutral Ph cleaner is recommended for these areas. Unlike polyurethane bonded rubber mats, moisture and liquids will not penetrate the surface of revulcanized mats, and therefore will not harbor any bacteria. Revulcanized mats are also more durable than polyurethane bonded rubber mats which is an important consideration, particularly in these demanding applications. Even with all of this in mind, revulcanized rubber horse mats are most commonly designed for the application of standard horse stalls.

There is a unique solution available that is specifically designed for breeding applications including semen collection, mating and foaling. These " interlocking revulcanized rubber breeding mats have a diamond traction surface combined with a waffle pattern underside. This advanced design offers the superior traction and increased cushioning that these applications demand without compromising durability. These mats interlock to create a virtual one-piece floor for maximum stability. These specialty breeding mats provide superior performance when compared to standard horse stall mats for these demanding applications.

Let's look at each breeding application more closely. When it comes to semen collection, lubricant and semen can provide for a wet environment. Both the stallion and the handlers are at increased risk of slipping. The extra traction that these breeding mats offer is a necessary element for a handler's safety during the preparation of the stallion and the actual collection of the semen. A negative experience for a stallion when collecting semen can influence future semen collections from that horse. It is therefore imperative that the breeding barn is set up in such a way that the stallion is able to enter and exit safely and without incident as well as provide a good quality semen sample.

Looking at mating, the surface of the matting should have a ridged surface so that a stallion is able to get maximum grip when mounting the mare. The mare will also need to have plenty of traction to endure the weight of the stallion. Both the stallion and the mare will benefit from the increased cushion of these mats when mating. This increased forgiveness also adds greatly to the traction when it comes to mounting. Even when wet, these mats are able to continue to provide the ultimate amount of traction for horses. This means that staff may therefore clean the area between services, and allow another mare to enter the barn whilst the mats are still wet. This will not jeopardize the mare's safety or that of the handler or awaiting stallion. If there is a foal at foot whilst breeding the mare, then the foal will need to be in a safe area that will not allow for it to slip and be injured during the mating.

For foals, standard rubber horse mats do not provide the cushioning required as they are designed for much larger and heavier horses. The unique waffle bottom design of these breeding mats provides the perfect cushioning to young foals. They also greatly help foals gain their footing and help them to stand up.

In all three scenarios, these revolutionary revulcanized waffle-bottom breeding mats offer many benefits that traditional horse stall mats cannot. Waffle mats can allow optimum cushioning in order for a horse to get the greatest possible traction regardless of whether the mat is wet or dry. This means that a mat such as this is able to reduce the likelihood of slipping, sliding and stumbling by both mare and stallion as well as handlers and veterinary staff. This unique design of breeding mat can provide maximum longevity as well as comfort to the horse. These mats are easy to clean, will not harbor bacteria or cause infection and can be installed with ease. When it comes to the financial as well as the emotional investment of breeding horses, ensuring that you provide the best possible environment for a mare to be bred, or for semen to be collected is pivotal in this transaction. Unsafe and slippery flooring means an increase in the potential for injury to handlers as well as equines. For these reasons, it is best to use specialty revulcanized rubber breeding mats over standard horse stall mats for these demanding applications.

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USEF's Premier Hunter Judges Are Answering Questions About Equitation and Hunter Rounds

Hunter and equitation horse show judges are talking. Before your next horse show, get inside the minds of the nation's most respected hunter judges.

Have you always wanted to know why you did not win or get a ribbon? There are rules that allow only limited interaction with the horse show judges at most horse shows, but you can now tap into the knowledge base of these judges and benefit from their experience. Many of the United States Equestrian Federation's top rated judges have been interviewed and filmed. These judges have all presided over the highest level of hunter shows from the east to the west coast, such as Indoors, Palm Beach, Capitol Challenge, Harrisburg, HITS, Toronto Royal Winter Fair, Devon and many others. In addition, they are also trainers, clinicians, riders, and instructors. Now you as an exhibitor, trainer, owner or rider can learn from their knowledge and benefit from their experience and feedback. They have intentionally been asked specific detailed questions in order to get precise answers. The result is a virtual clinic of show hunter and equitation expertise.

Following is a few of the thoughts that come up regarding showing hunters and hunt seat equitation, and some of the questions that were asked of the judges:

Form follows function is the theme of good equitation. Many of our top Olympians excelled as Medal equitation winners. While most riders and trainers understand the basic equitation position, judging equitation is much more than placing in a beauty pageant. It's rating that indefinable connection between horse and rider and assessing good horsemanship. The judges were asked to describe the optimum attributes of a good riding position, and the most important aids that contribute to a solid equitation performance. The question asked was "What do you especially look for in an equitation ride? What are your top 3 priorities in the rider's form in terms of importance in an equitation rider, and why? (heels, hands, seat, etc.)"

A horse show is just that, a SHOW, and judges expect to see horses and riders at their best performance. Savvy raiders will go the extra distance and push the envelope to show off their best qualities and their horse's best qualities. Would a stylish sitting trot, a counter canter into the arena, or a turn on the forehand make an inpact? The question asked was "In an equitation class, what "extra credit" moves do you like to see, on the flat and over fences?"

Hunter and equitation courses consist of 8 or more jumps in 2 or more lines. For example, the course designer might set 2 jumps in a line measuring 72 feet, allowing five strides between jumps. Sometimes a short-strided horse may canter the line and fit in six strides, while a big-strided horse may easily take four strides. The question asked was "Do you penalize a short strided horse that adds a stride in a line, resulting in six even strides in a five stride line? Do you have the same answer in an equitation class?"

Given that judging hunters and equitation is a subjective profession, often trainers and riders want to know the reason their performance was or was not pinned in the judge's final order. USEF requires that a steward be present during a discussion with a judge. Most judges have a definite feeling about sharing their scoring and reasoning. The question asked was "Do you welcome a Junior or Amateur coming up and asking you a question about their score after a class?"

Although standards exist for high level judges, judging hunters is largely subjective, based on style, jumping form, even strides, technique and overall impression. The question asked was "What do you look for in a hunter? What is your idea of a "classic hunter"?"

In an equitation class, a rider can perform smoothly with an exemplary position, but sometimes a horse's sloppiness or laziness contributes to a rail down or fault, despite a proper ride. It is the judge's responsibility to assess this. The question asked was "If an equitation rider puts in a good ride but his horse makes some minor error like rapping a pole or a spook, how does this affect his score?"

Trainers and riders use various bits, aids and tack in order to maximize their horse's way of going, jumping style and rideability. Given the range of equipment allowed, judges may penalize for non-conventional types of tack. The questions asked "Do you consider tack on a hunter? Do you weigh the fact that a horse goes with or without a martingale? Do you credit/penalize a horse showing in a snaffle bit versus a pelham?"

In hunter under saddle classes, the horse's movement and manners are judged, with quality of movement paramount. Generally the horses are shown at a walk, trot, and canter both directions. Good trainers and riders can accentuate their horse's movement by creating a more extended, fluid and balanced gait. This gait is established through various means: establishing a certain amount of collection, moving at a faster pace, sometimes a looser rein, and/or various equipment to achieve the desired "frame" or way of going. The question was asked "In a hunter under saddle class, comment on the "frame" of the horse you are looking for."

Judges will notice an experienced professional rider or trainer versus a less experienced young rider or amateur adult as soon as he/she enters the show ring. Some class divisions are designed to separate non-professsional (amateurs and juniors) from professional riders (trainers). But some hunter classes allow both, and does the judge take into consideration who is riding the horse. The question was asked "If it comes down to two great rounds in a hunter class, one ridden by a professional and one by an amateur or junior, are there differences in the way the two rounds are judged?"

Imagine these questions and many more being answered by 15 to 20 of the top hunter judges in the country. Just learning one or two invaluable nuggets of horsemanship from over 250 answers, opinions and preferences will surely make a difference in your next horse show performance.

The brains of some of the USEF's top-rated hunter judges have been tapped, and more are being continually added. They are questioned regarding all aspects of how they judge hunters and hunt seat equitation. Their answers are filmed, and you hear straight from the judge's mouth. And you can repeatedly listen and learn. Check out http://www.askthehorseshowjudge.com/

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Overweight Horses Are Prone to Serious Health Problems

Just like humans, fat and obese horses are seen as unhealthy individuals and are prone to a series of health problems due to their excessive weight. Everyone has their own perception of what equates overweight and in the equine world that is even more difficult to determine.

Some experts say that we are on the verge of an epidemic of obesity in the equine world because the majority of horse owners don't consider or don't know how to determine if they are horses are overweight or not.

Recent studies and statistics show that overweight horses are a growing problem and so are the health problems related to it, like Laminitis, Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) and DOD (developmental orthopaedic disease).

To address this issue properly horse owners first need to know how to determine if their horses are overweight or not. Many commit the mistake of comparing with other animals in the yard. But with horses you need to apply an objective measure to your horse to tell if he is fat or not.

Back in 1989 a semi objective measure of fat was developed and published by equine publications worldwide to help owners determine if their animals were fat, obese or in good shape. This measuring system was named conditioning scoring. Recently this system has been updated and renamed to "Fat Scoring" and it has been used by major Roadshows and Championships around the globe.

This new system uses numbers from 0 to 5, where 0 is a skinny horse and 5 an obese horse. The ideal is to 2 or 3, 4 is considered fat.

What risks are posed to fat horses?

Overweight animals are prone to laminitis, equine metabolic syndrome and metabolic disorders that could lead to many diseases and gradual loss of vitality. Excessive weight can also affect the immune and reproductive systems, not to mention that has clear long term fitness consequences.

Horses are very similar to us humans when the subject is fitness. Just like a body builder a bulky show horse that looks fat is not fat at all because the bulk is muscle. Just like marathon runners, racehorses look lean and mean but in fact they have a fat score of 2 or 3 maximum.

When it comes down to determine if a horse is overweight each case should be addressed uniquely. Sometimes extra workout is not enough and you will need a feeding plan with specially formulated horse feeds.

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The Best Steps to Take for Choosing a Good Boarding Stable

Just as no one would ever pay for a major investment without checking it in person, the same idea should apply when looking for a horse boarding stable. It is a big investment, just as owning a horse is, and knowing that you are getting the best return for your money is certainly nothing to be taken so lightly. Choosing any boarding stable without going through the important steps to inspect it along with the surrounding area, could not only cost a lot of time and money, it could also take a toll on you emotionally, should anything happen to your horse from less-than-ideal conditions.

Research and Ask Around

First of all, checking local listings will give a better idea of how many boarding facilities are available within a convenient area. Compile a list of potential places that might work best for you and your horse, by either looking at website information or calling directly to find out about the services and prices they offer. After checking and compiling a short list, it would be a good idea to find out the history and reputation of the boarding stables throughout the equestrian community. Asking friends and experts who would have first-hand experience and information about the different boarding facilities will give a better idea of what would work best to suit specific needs.

Check Boarding Stables in Person

While researching and asking around may help to give a much better idea of which facilities are worth looking into, physically checking the grounds and equipment will not only give piece of mind, but also give you a better idea of what exactly the monthly fees include. When visiting, make sure to walk through with the site owner and ask any questions that make come to mind. Walk around the grounds to fully check all of the stables, pastures, the fencing that surrounds the grounds, as well as the feed and bedding storage.

By taking the time to check every last detail in person will ensure the safety and well-being of your horse along with the satisfaction knowing the horse boarding stables provide the best service for your investment.Just as no one would ever pay for a major investment without checking it in person, the same idea should apply when looking for a horse boarding stable. It is a big investment, just as owning a horse is, and knowing that you are getting the best return for your money is certainly nothing to be taken so lightly. Choosing any boarding stable without going through the important steps to inspect it along with the surrounding area, could not only cost a lot of time and money, it could also take a toll on you emotionally, should anything happen to your horse from less-than-ideal conditions.

Research and Ask Around

First of all, checking local listings will give a better idea of how many boarding facilities are available within a convenient area. Compile a list of potential places that might work best for you and your horse, by either looking at website information or calling directly to find out about the services and prices they offer. After checking and compiling a short list, it would be a good idea to find out the history and reputation of the boarding stables throughout the equestrian community. Asking friends and experts who would have first-hand experience and information about the different boarding facilities will give a better idea of what would work best to suit specific needs.

Check Boarding Stables in Person

While researching and asking around may help to give a much better idea of which facilities are worth looking into, physically checking the grounds and equipment will not only give piece of mind, but also give you a better idea of what exactly the monthly fees include. When visiting, make sure to walk through with the site owner and ask any questions that make come to mind. Walk around the grounds to fully check all of the stables, pastures, the fencing that surrounds the grounds, as well as the feed and bedding storage.

By taking the time to check every last detail in person will ensure the safety and well-being of your horse along with the satisfaction knowing the horse boarding stables provide the best service for your investment.

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The Dangers of Cribbing

Cribbing is a vice for horses that is also called wind sucking. It mainly consists of using his incisors to gnaw wood from structures that reach up to his sternum. So why is it also known as wind sucking? As the horse bites into the wood, he inhales deeply, sucking "wind" in. This triggers hormones that give him a high of sorts.

What is colic? Colic is a condition that relates to everything that is gastrointestinal in nature and which causes pain. It is known to be the no. 1 killer of horses. Horses are prone to colic due to the fact that their gastrointestinal tracts are designed in a more complicated manner. It is composed of more twists and bends that act as pathways for food to pass through. It should be understood though that colic is not a sickness, but more of a symptom or a signal of a disease that could prove to be serious.

What is the relation between cribbing and colic? There is a high possibility of ingestion of small parts of wood in the act of cribbing, which leads to an upset in digestion. It is said that the connection is mostly because of the build up of gas in the gut-which leads to colic-due to wind sucking. However, there is no definitive answer to the connection between cribbing and colic. Although most horses who suffer from colic are inveterate cribbers, the cause for colic may lie in the factors that make a cribber out of the horse in the first place.

Naturally, gnawing on something solid for a prolonged period of time will surely cause dental problems. The act is bound to hasten the wear and tear of teeth. Compulsive cribbing can whittle the horse's teeth down to such mere nubs that sometimes, the teeth are already in line with the gums. With a horse that is not a habitual cribber, this is not much of a problem as they only do this occasionally. But for those that are otherwise, this may affect their ability to graze.

Some cribbing horses suffer from the inability to gain weight. It is not because of the reason that the air that they had sucked in has bloated their stomach, it is more of the horses preferring cribbing over eating.

Having a horse that suffers cribbing is a serious and worrying matter. Long-term cribbing can ultimately lead to a horse's demise. So it is always best to be vigilant to any signs that your horse is indulging in this. Always remember to consult your veterinarian before attempting to treat your horse of cribbing.

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Protecting Your Horse by Using Proper Horse Riding Equipment

Horses are noble animals, they inspire respect and trust, and they can be faithful companions if you take proper care of them. You will enjoy safe and long riding days as long as your horse is happy and protected with good horse riding equipment.

When you own a horse, you understand the connection between the rider and the animal; you want it to be comfortable, to be healthy, and fit. And you can manage all that just by paying attention to the essentials on horse riding equipment, and their quality.

Make sure you get good quality products, because if you don't, while you might save some cash, you might end up hurting your beloved horse and maybe even yourself. There are items which are just a must have if you want to ride properly, and you must get them from a respectable retailer that has the animal's well-being at heart, as well as yours, of course.

For example, when it comes to bridles and reins, don't ever settle for lower quality, it is your horse's mouth and head at risk, and your own, if you can't control the animal, because it is in pain. Remember that, horses might be strong but they are also very sensitive animals, if they feel scared, or are hurt, they can react abruptly and cause serious harm in case of a fall or a kick.

Also, before you go out for a riding trip, remember to take with you some basic emergency kit, like elastic bandages, antibiotic ointment, and large size gauge tape, these can be of great help if something goes wrong. Horse riding equipment, as you can see, extends to all that is necessary when out riding, to things like insect repellent sprays, food and water.

Before you leave the stables with your horse, just make a check list, with all the necessary horse riding equipment, and don't leave without ticking every box in that list. There will be the obvious like saddle and stirrups, and the not so obvious, like an emergency shoe for the horse, one that can be put on the horse directly by anyone.

If you notice that there is something wrong with the equipment you now use on your horse, don't be afraid of change, and keep in mind yours and your horse's needs. You will find that different horse riding equipment can be found according to the different activities of different horses.

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What Size Western Seat Should I Choose?

If you have never had a Western Saddle before deciding what size seat you will need can be a bit confusing. Even if you do ride in a Western saddle it is a good idea to make sure you are riding in the correct size seat for you.

In order to get the right size seat, a person's height, weight and circumference of the upper thigh is taken into consideration.

Generally, it is a good idea to have at least a fingers width between your thigh and the pommel or Swell in front of you without your pants being glued to the cantle or back of the seat.

When sitting in a comfortable position, you should have a little room behind you as well as in front. Some people may even like two fingers width for extra comfort.

If you ride in an English saddle the size does not transfer into the same size Western saddle. This is because the design and the way you measure a Western saddle seat is different to an English saddle.

The following chart is a breakdown of the thigh measurements and seat sizes. Thigh measurements should be taken while sitting. This is not an exact science but it will serve as a guideline.

16" to 16.5" thigh measurement = 13" Seat
17" to 17.5" " '' = 13.5" Seat
18" to 18.5" " '' = 14" Seat
19" to 20" " '' = 14.5" Seat
20.5" to 21.5" " '' = 15" Seat
22" to 23.5" " '' = 15.5" Seat
23.5" to 24" " '' = 16" Seat
24" to 24.5" " '' = 16.5" Seat
25" to 26" " '' = 17" Seat
26.5" to 27" " '' = 17.5" Seat
27" to 28" " '' = 18" Seat

My name is Annie and I have over 30 years experience in the horse industry. Thanks for stopping by and reading my guide.

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Use a Cribbing Collar - Eliminate the Cribbing Habits From Your Horse

If you visit your nearest store or research on the World Wide Web, you will come across different types of cribbing collars. However, when you are selecting one, make sure it is of the best quality. A good collar should guarantee to kindly and effectively eliminate the cribbing habits of any breeds, ages. There are also few dealers in the market which will give hundred percent guarantee or money back option. Opting for these dealers is also a good option. However, when you are electing a collar for your horse, make sure it is of the right size. A perfect collar should be very comfortable for the horse and apply pressure when your horse will attempt to crib.

You should also select a cribbing collar that could be worn without any type of discomfort while eating, grazing, drinking or being ridden. In case, if you are not able to select the right collar, taking the assistance of an experienced individual will be a wise option. There are also few sites on the net that will provide you step by step assistance for using a collar. Moreover, they will also teach you how to fix the band on your horse. Once you fix the collar, make sure it will not slide around.

Researching online for a perfect collar:

Doing a small research on the internet for finding a cribbing collar is also a good option. There are many websites on the internet which are solely dedicated for providing the information and products for horses. Moreover, once you enter to these sites, you will be able to get a list of all reputed dealers located in your area. Doing a proper research will help you to find different types of discounts and offers on this product. As you will be able to see a huge collection of collars online, you will be able to select the perfect one for your horse. You will also gain more information on the quality, price, durability of the product you are planning to buy.

As there are many experts who are proving their services online, you will be able to take their assistance. These experts will answer all your queries and questions related to the cribbing problems in horses. Moreover, they will also provide you many simple tips to avid these habits in your horses.

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Tips on Finding the Best Fit: Leather Horse Halters

When it comes to the safety of a horse and their handler, a leather horse halter remains essential among the type of tack needed. The horse halter known also as a head collar, refers to the harness fitted around a horses poll, otherwise known as their head. Primarily, this is used a way for the handler to communicate with the horse. Therefore, they are important regardless of whether a person plans to just ride them or show them as a halter horse.

Largely, this has to do with how they help with the guidance of the horse. For that reason, horse halters help a horse handler with teaching them the fundamentals. Normally, this includes teaching the horse to square up. In consequence, the horse learns to plant their feet firmly against the ground in formation of a rectangular. In turn, a horse has more balance and becomes easier to handle. In effect, the horse's levels of patience and obedience increase.

Generally, people should hold off on riding their horse until the horse becomes accustomed to the halter. In addition, the horse should grasp the basic pertaining to trotting, walking, as well as backing on a loose end. Maintaining control remains critical for the overall safety of the horse and handler. In general, a horse develops their basis for understanding your communications through consistency and control.

Horse Harness Construction

Seven pieces in particular make up the construction of the horse halter. The main part going over the horse head and behind the ears refers to the crownpiece. Directly below, the throatlatch runs under the horse's throat and behind the cheeks. A buckle attached to the throatlatch connects the crownpiece on the left side and additionally allows for further adjustments. In addition, a noseband goes around the muzzle as well.

The two cheek pieces along the side of the horse head further connect the crownpiece with the throatlatch, and noseband. Furthermore, square rings connect the noseband to the cheek pieces and give people the additional option of cross tying the pieces. Additionally, another straps located underneath in order to connect the throatlatch to the noseband. At the bottom of the noseband, the tie rings located for attaching a lead rope.

The lead ropes primarily aid with guiding the horse. This way, the horse knows whether they should walk forward or step back. Normally, the handler establishes by gently applying pressure on the lead in either the forward or the backwards direction. Following the horses compliance, this should result in the immediate release of the pressure placed on the leads.

Types of Horse Halters

Overall, the three main types of horse halters consist of training, everyday, and showman. Commonly, rope halters consist of the type used for training. Mainly, this has to do with the special knots they have in areas of the horse's pressure points. Normally, these areas consist of the jaw line, nose, and pole. In essence, they work by increasing the horse's compliance when pressures applied to the lead ropes.

On the other hand, nylon and leather horse halters people normally use on an everyday basis. As for showman types of horse halters, usually they consist of web or another type of decorative material.

Horse Halter Fit

Ideally, leather horse halters, as well as other types should feel comfortable to the horse. The best way to ensure this relates to finding the right size and type according to training level of the horse. Generally, a well-trained horse can use any type of halter style. Even so, the halter should not scare or cause the horse to react. Additionally, the horse halter should not cause the horse pain and lead them to the fear of misbehaving.

In general, you should only buy a halter that fits the horse. While selecting a horse halter, keep in mind how the size designations are not uniform among the different manufacturers. Furthermore, horses differ in relation to their head shape and size. One way to check halter fit, involves making sure that you can fit a few of your fingers under their chin, noseband, and the throatlatch.

Halters with straps fitting too tight have the potential to dig into the face of the horse. On the other hand, loose fitting straps carry the risk of such things as object lodging within the horse halter. One indication of a loose halter is your ability to fit a fist between the horse's nose and the noseband. With that in mind, the best way to determine fit involves fastening the leather horse halters or other type.

This should consist of areas within the adjustable midpoints so that there is no slapping of the straps. While fastening the halter, you should not have to struggle with snapping or buckling the fasteners. For the most part, people usually have a choice from three to five halter sizes. Some manufacturers designate them according to horse types. Generally, this consists of cob, full size, and pony, along with others made for larger horses.

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Looking For the Perfect Fit When Choosing Saddles/Horse Tack

The saddles/horse tack must be in perfect harmony with the horse and the rider; it must be comfortable for both, to ensure a safe ride and the horse's health. This is why it is imperative to get the perfect fit when choosing saddles/horse tack, it doesn't have to be custom made, although that does prove effective every-time, as long as the right one is chosen.

Remember that the saddles should not interfere with the movement of the horse's shoulders, and it shouldn't impose any pressure past the horse's last ribs, and that ideally the rider must be comfortably seated in the horse's centre of balance. If the fit is wrong there will be no amount of cushioning able to make up for a poor fit. So don't think that saddle blankets or pads will be of any help if you got it wrong.

Also, you must be aware that, even though a saddle might be a perfect fit for your horse and you now, that won't always be the case. As a horse gets older, fitter or slimmer, changes in its saddle will be necessary, so take this into account when choosing saddles/horse tack. You might want to go for one in which some changes can be made as time goes by. The English saddle is an example of a more easily altered type of saddle.

It is not only about styles, materials and prices when it is time to start choosing saddles/horse tack, it is about something that would fit you both. That is what I have been trying to explain, it won't be of any use to buy something that looks very pretty, if it would hurt your horse. It has to be as close as possible to being a perfect fit to make it comfortable for you and the horse.

Manufactures have great ranges of prices and designs that can be bought by you, but you need a retailer that can offer you the possibility of minor changes and adjustments. And when it comes to quality you can upgrade with time, as your horse gets a more definitive size and built.

If you are in the process of choosing saddles/horse tack now, I do recommend the English saddle, as I mention earlier they do allow more freedom of adjustments over the Western ones. And it is more likely that they would provide more comfort, even if not the perfect fit.

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Top Tips for Staying Warm at the Stables This Winter

The benefits to body and mind of being warm and dry whilst you are riding or working with horses are huge, especially if you live in a country where the winters are cold or wet. We've all encountered those days where you return home, soaked to the skin and freezing cold and can't bear the thought of doing it all again tomorrow. It is really a necessity to buy some good quality horse riding clothing that is warm and waterproof. Keeping warm in the winter (or the summer for that matter if you are living in the UK!) is more than just wearing a coat and some waterproof trousers (although they are important!). The key to staying warm and comfortable is to wear layers, but this needs to be balanced with the fact that too many layers will restrict you in the saddle. There is a simple three step rule to this:

Start with a base layer. The base layer is as you would expect, the base that is next to your skin. The best items to use are specialist thermal underwear. There are retailers who sell specialist horse riding clothes for this purpose and these items are always made from thermal material that wicks moisture away from the body. If you are serious about avoiding the cold then never wear a cotton base layer which does not wick moisture away from the body and gets cold and wet quite quickly.

The next layer of horse riding clothing is the insulating layer. And again as you would expect, this is one or two layers of insulated material. Avoid cotton if you can as again this tends to get cold and wet quickly. You can buy some very effective, thin and lightweight polar fleeces which are brilliant for keeping you warm without being too bulky. It is usually difficult to fit an insulating layer underneath your breeches due to the style of such horse riding gear, but your pair of breeches can act as your insulating layer over a pair of thermal tights if your legs really feel the cold. Also, don't forget your feet. The extremities are usually the first parts to feel the cold and cause you the most discomfort when you have to be in the cold weather all day. It is wise to invest in a few pairs of quality socks such as the thermal ones used by skiers, or some insulated boot liners to make life easier!

The third outer layer of your horse riding clothing is the one that keeps you waterproofed and wind proofed. A warm, waterproof and windproof jacket is essential when you are outside battling the elements all day. Try to choose a brand of clothing that is specifically suited to horse riding which will have additional features to keep you dry in the saddle. The best jackets are waterproof in one direction only which keeps you dry but allows moisture wicked away from the body to escape, keeping you comfortable all day long. A pair of waterproof riding trousers or chaps, which are sometimes fleece lined, can be a life saver for your lower body when you are riding out in the wind and rain.

As a final point, always remember the golden rule when buying horse riding clothing or equipment - you should buy the best quality items that you can afford. Shopping around online can be a good way to do this and there are many online tack shops that sell quality items at a reasonable price.

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Most Everything I Know About People I Learned From Horses. 4

The more I work with horses and people the more I learn about each. This is the Fourth in a series of articles I would like to write about some of the things we teach to help in our relationship with our horses, as well as with each other and what we can learn from our creator.

We use 4 keywords in our teaching: Confidence, Consistency, Compassion and Connection.

CONFIDENCE: faith or belief that one will act in a right, proper & effective way

CONSISTENCY: uniform or persistent occurrence or re-occurrence

COMPASSION: involves tenderness & understanding

CONNECTION: a union, to join, link or bond

Working with the horses in the round pen is one of the first places we get connection but that only comes with trust and a willingness to come to us. There are a number of terms for this -- one we hear is "join up" when as you turn your shoulder the horse will come up beside you. Personally I like to open up my arms and have the horse come directly to me dropping his head in front of me for me to reach out and touch, rub and praise him. This action seems to demonstrate a much greater connection because of my openness to the horse-- they are willing to come to me relaxed, trusting and we could say humbly with head bowed because of my compassion or humbleness - two humble souls connecting.

Doesn't this hold true with our relationships with each other? Openness with humility and compassion (tenderness and understanding) in our relationships brings honesty and trust, and then it is not about us but about the other person. Pride is the wall that breaks relationships down.

Peter knew all about pride and Jesus worked hard to help him become a humble servant. 1 Peter 5:5 says "Young men, in the same way be submissive to those who are older. All of you clothe yourselves with humility toward one another, because, "God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble." NIV

Do you think Peter got it?

There is no room for Pride in real love - God's love 1 Corinthians 13:4 "Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud." NIV

There are different terms used for humility in the bible - I am told that there is no word in the Hebrew to describe humility - some of the terms we see are depressed, modest, down trodden, low estate, poor, and contrite heart.

God is quoted in Isaiah 66:2 "For My hand made all these things, thus all these things came into being," declares the LORD. "But to this one I will look, to him who is humble and contrite of spirit, and who trembles at My word."

Let's go back to the round pen - when we open up our arms to the horse waiting for him to make the choice to come to us without resistance, willingly - we are receptive to that - when the horse is running high headed looking for an escape route neither of us are ready for connection. I believe God is saying this -- when you get rid of your pride and bow down to Me in humility ready to submit to Me, trusting me, then my arms are ready, then I will turn and look at you and connect with you as you come to Me ready for Me to reach out and touch you and praise you.

Jesus understood this Hebrews 5:7 7 "During the days of Jesus' life on earth, he offered up prayers and petitions with fervent cries and tears to the one who could save him from death, and he was heard because of his reverent submission."

Use your time with your horse to learn about people!

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